Economics

অর্থনীতি ১ম পত্র (১০৯)

একাদশ শ্রেণি

 

পরীক্ষা অধ্যায় বিষয়বস্ত্ত ক্লাস
অর্ধ-বার্ষিকী ১ম মৌলিক অর্থনৈতিক সমস্যা এবং এর সমাধান ০৯
২য় ভোক্তা ও উৎপাদকের আচরণ ০৯
৩য় উৎপাদন, উৎপাদনের ব্যয় ও আয় ০৯
৪র্থ বাজার ১০
৫ম শ্রম বাজার ০৯
বার্ষিক ৬ষ্ঠ মূলধন ০৯
৭ম সংগঠন ১০
৮ম খাজনা ০৯
৯ম সামগ্রীক আয় ও ব্যয় ০৮
১০ম মূদ্রা ও ব্যাংক ০৯
পুনরালোচনা (অর্ধ-বার্ষিকী পরীক্ষার অধ্যায়সমূহ) ২০

 

 

 

অর্থনীতি ২য় পত্র (১০৯)

দ্বাদশ শ্রেণি

 

পরীক্ষা অধ্যায় বিষয়বস্ত্ত ক্লাস
প্রাক-নির্বাচনী ১ম বাংলাদেশের অর্থনীতির পরিচয়
২য় বাংলাদেশের কৃষি
৩য় বাংলাদেশের শিল্প
৪র্থ জনসংখ্যা মানবসম্পদ এবং আত্নকর্মসংস্থা
নির্বাচনী ৫ম খাদ্য নিরাপত্তা
৬ষ্ঠ অর্থায়ন
৭ম মূদ্রাস্ফীতি
৮ম আন্তর্জাতিক বাণিজ্য
৯ম সরকারি অর্থব্যবস্থা
১০ম উন্নয়ন পরিকল্পনা
পুনরালোচনা (প্রাক-নির্বাচনী পরীক্ষার অধ্যায়সমূহ)

Syllabus

Department of Economics

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Year B.S.S. Pass Course

Effective from the Session: 2013–2014

 

National University

Syllabus for 3 years B.S.S. Pass Course

Subject: Economics

Session: 2013-2014

 

The Courses of Study for B.S.S. Pass in Economics shall extend over a period of three academic years comprising Six papers with marks as indicated below:

 

 

Subject Code Paper Subject Title Marks Credit
First year:
Paper-I Microeconomics 100 4
Paper-II Bangladesh Economy 100 4
Second year:
Paper-III Macroeconomics 100 4
Paper-IV Money, Banking, International Trade and Public Finance 100 4
Third year:
Paper-V Elementary Mathematics for Economics and Basic Statistics

Or

Demography

100 4
Paper-VI History of Economic Thought 100 4
Total= 600 24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Detailed Syllabus

                       

Course Code Marks: 100 Credits: 4 Class Hours: 60
Course Title: Microeconomics        

 

Course Objective

 

The objective of this course is to provide an understanding of the basic concepts of microeconomics. The main focus of the course is to provide an introduction to the economic principles behind the determination of price based on the theory of demand, supply and production functions and on how equilibrium price and quantity are reached in selected markets.

 

Course Contents

 

1)      Definition and Subject Matter of Economics: Distinction between micro & macroeconomics – some basic economic concepts – alternative economic systems – Capitalism, Socialism & Islamic Economics.

2)      Supply and Demand: Concepts of supply and demand and the determinants, market equilibrium and shifts of market equilibrium, consumer’s and producer’s surplus, concepts and measurements of various elasticities of demand and supply.

3)      The Theory of Consumer Behavior: Utility – total and marginal utility, cardinal and ordinal utility, law of diminishing marginal utility, equimarginal principle.

4)      The Indifference Curve Analysis: Properties of indifference curve, consumers’ equilibrium – income, substitution and price effect.

5)      The Theory of Production: Factors of production, returns to scale, production function – Iso-product and Iso-cost curves, producer’s equilibrium.

6).     Theory of Cost and Revenue: Short run and long run cost function, explicit, implicit and opportunity costs, fixed and variable costs, total, average and marginal costs, envelope average cost curves, the link between production and cost,   accounting profit vs. economic profit, profit maximizing conditions.

7).     Theory of the Firm: Perfect competition, Monopoly and Monopolistic Competition, Equilibrium of a firm in the short and long run under perfect competition. Derivation of supply curve of a firm and industry. Monopoly equilibrium in the short run and long run. Price discrimination, Monopolistic competition, Product differentiation and group equilibrium.

8).     Oligopoly Market : Definition of oligopoly. Characteristics of oligopoly market. Collusive and Non-Collusive Oligopoly, Cournot Model, Stackelberg model and the Kinked-demand model.

9).     The Pricing of the Factors of Production: The marginal productivity theory of  distribution — determination of rent, wages, interest and profit.

 

Books Recommended :

 

  1. Samuelson P.A. & Nordhaus           :     Economics
  2. A. Koutsoyiannis                             :     Modern Micro-Economics
  3. C.E. Ferguson                                  :     Micro-Economic Theory
  4. Stonier & Hague                              :     A Text Book of Economic           Theory
  5. M. L. Jhingan                                   :     Advanced Economic Theory .                             6.    AdvuiiLCi.1 lii.0111 uiiiu Throiy                                   :     Advanced Economic Theory
  6. K. K. Dwelt                                     :     Modern Economic Theory
  7. M.L. Seth                                         :     Micro-Economics 9.

 

Course Code Marks: 100 Credits: 4  Class Hours: 60
Course Title: Bangladesh Economy   

        

Course Objective

The main objective of this course is to introduce the students with the socio-economic context of Bangladesh from different perspectives. The course will also help them to know recent issues of Bangladesh economy. The students will be able to understand the trend of economic variables and business phenomenon. The knowledge will help them to take step in the development of the country.

 

 

 

 

 

Course Contents

 

  1. Economic Development:

Development Economics; Growth and Development: Characteristics of Less Developed Countries; Causes of Economic Backwardness; Determinants of Development; Features of Bangladesh Economy.

  1. Social and Economic Infrastructure:

Education, Health, Transport, Communication, Power and Energy Sectors in Bangladesh.

  1. Population and Economic Development:

Population-Growth, Composition and Distribution of Population. Density and Trend of Population Growth. Problems of Population in Bangladesh. Population Policy, Population and Economic Development.

  1. Agriculture:

Role of Agriculture; Modernization of Agriculture: Problems and Prospects of Agriculture in Bangladesh. Land Reforms”, Agricultural Credit, Agricultural Marketing.

  1. Industry :

Role of Industry, Strategy for Industrial Development, Large Vs. Small and Cottage Industries, Private Vs Public Sector Privatization Policy, Industrial Development and Industrial Policy in Bangladesh.

 

  1. Money and Banking :

Money, Money Market in Bangladesh, Bangladesh Bank, Nationalized and Private Banks – Islamic Banks, Govt. strategy for Banking Reforms, Specialized Banks, Capital Market – Problems and Prospects.

 

  1. Foreign Trade:

Role of Trade Volume, Composition and Direction  of Foreign Trade of Bangladesh; Balance of Trade and Balance of Payments, Adverse Balance of Payments & its correction.

  1. Development Finance:

Domestic Resource Mobilization; External Resources; Foreign Aid versus Foreign Direct Investment; Foreign Aid and Economic Development.

 

  1. Development Planning:

Concept of Development Planning; Necessity of Planning, Physical-and Financial Planning; Problems of implementing Plan.-, in Bangladesh; Five year Plans.

  1. Poverty Alleviation Policy:

Concept of Poverty Alteration—Causes of Poverty and Its Remedial Measures, Human Resource Development and Measures taken by the Government for Human Resource v Development, Role of Local Government and NCOs.

 

Books Recommended :

 

  1. Bruton                : Principles of EconomicDevelopment
  2. Khan, A.R.         : Bangladesh Economy
  3. Khan, A.R.and Mahboob Hossain : Strategy of Development in Bangladesh
  4. Todaro               : Economics for a Developing World
  5. Faaland & Parkinson : Bangladesh : A Test Case of evelopment
  6. Dr. Azizur Rahman : Export & Economic Development of Bangladesh

 

Course Code Marks: 100 Credits: 4  Class Hours: 60
Course Title: Macroeconomics        

 

Course Objective: Macroeconomics studies the behavior of the main aggregates of the economy. The objective of this course is to teach macroeconomic analysis techniques, presenting models that help explain how the economy works.

Course Contents

  1. Fundamental Concepts of Macroeconomics: Income, Consumption, Savings, Investment, Employment and Output.
  2. National Income Accounting : GDP, GNP, NNP, Nominal and Real National Income, Methods of National Income Accounting, Problems of Computing National Income, Usefulness of National  Income Accounting.
  3. Theory of Income Determination: Classical Approach of Macro-Economics, the Demand for and Supply of Labor, the Equilibrium Level of Employment and Output, Say’s Law of Market, Keynesian Approach.
  4. Investment: Concepts of Investment, Marginal Efficiency of Investment and Capital.
  5. Inflation: Inflation, Types, Causes, Effects and Control of Inflation. Inflation Vs. Deflation. Demand Pull and Cost Push Inflation-Definition and Its Nature, Inflationary Gap, Measurement of Inflationary Gap.
  6. Consumption and Savings Function: Concepts of Consumption and Savings Function, MPC, APC, MPS, APS, Short Run and Long Run Views, Keynesian Approach.
  7. The Quantity Theory of Money Transaction: Fisher’s Equation of Exchange, Cambridge Equation and Friedman’s Quantity Theory of Money.
  8. Multiplier and Acceleration: Concepts of Multiplier, Multiplier Operation in a Two-Sector Economy, Leakages of Multiplier, Paradox of Thrift  etc., Concepts of Acceleration, Characteristics of the Acceleration theory, Analysis of the Theory of Acceleration.
  9. Banking: Commercial and Central Banking, Multiple Creation of Credit by Commercial Banks and Its Limitation.
  10. Monetary and Fiscal Policy: Concepts of Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Objectives of Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Limitations of Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Role of Monetary and Fiscal Policy in Economic Development, Crowding out Effect.

 

Books Recommended:

  1. Branson : Macro-Economic Theory & Policy
  2. E. Shapiro : Macro-Economic Analysis
  3. M.L. Seth : Macro-Economics
  4. M.C. Vaish : Macro-Economics

 

Course Code Marks: 100 Credits: 4  Class Hours: 60
Course Title: Money, Banking, International Trade and Public Finance        

 

Course Objective

‘Money, Banking, International Trade and Public Finance’ study the role of money in the economy, the functional activities of the banking system, trade theories and the basic issues in the public finance. The aim of the course is to develop a basic understanding of the financial system including its instruments: how it operates and why it plays a central role in the economy. Keeping in view the recent developments in monetary and public finance, this course focuses less on the theory of money and banking and more on the implications of monetary policy and financial structure for the functioning of the economy.

 

Course Contents

 

  1. Money:

Money-Types of Money; Functions of Money, Supply of Money; Quantity Theory of Money : Cash Transaction and Cash Balance approaches, Inflation, Causes and Effects of Inflation.

  1. Banking:

Banks, Types of Banks, Commercial Bank. Principles of Commercial Bank, functions & role of Commercial Bank, Creation of credit Commercial   Bank,   Central   Bank,   Function   of   Central   Bank. Instruments of credit control of a Central Bank,  Islamic Banking system-profit.& loss sharing-modes of investment.

  1. International Trade:

Domestic Vs. International Trade: Theories of International Trade – Classical Theory and Modern Theory. Balance of Trade and Balance of Payments. Terms of Trade. Free Trade and Protection.

  1. Public Finance:

Public Finance, Public Finance Vs Private Finance, Principles of Taxation; Direct and indirect tax. Concepts of Value Added Tax (VAT). Concepts of Budget-Balanced and unbalanced Budget, Deficit Financing and Economic Development. Public Debt, Public Expenditure, Objectives of Public Expenditure.

Books Recommended:

  1. Miller and Van Hoose :     Modern Money and Banking.
  2. Mishkin                                :     Economics of Money and Banking

3       Musgrave                             :     Public Finance

  1. M.L.Seith                             :     Money Banking, International Trade and Finance
  2. Due and Friedlander            :     Government Finance
  3. Sodersten, Bo                      :     International Economics
  4. Kindlebereer                        :     International Economics

 

 

                         

Course Code Marks: 100 Credits: 4  Class Hours: 60
Course Title: Elementary Mathematics and Statistics for Economics

 

Elementary Mathematics

 

Course Objective

 

This course focuses on the development of understanding of basic concepts and principles of mathematics used in the area of business and economics. The course gives ideas of calculus to solve business and economics problems.

 

Course Contents

 

  1. Basic Processes in Algebra:
  2. a) Algebraic Vocabulary.
  3. b) Multiplication and Division of Numbers with Exponents.
  4. c) Addition and Substraction of Algberaic terms,
  5. Functions, Variables and Graphs:
  6. a) The concept of a function.
  7. b) Explicit and Implicit function.
  8. c) The Range and Domain of a Function.
  9. d) The Graphical Representation of Functions.
  10. i) Cartesian Co-ordinates and Location of Points.
  11. ii) Linear Functions and Quadratic Functions. Equations of Straight ine.
  12. Introduction to Calculus: General rules of derivatives, partial differentiation! Simple application of differentiation.
  13. Matrix Algebra : Concept of Vectors and Matrix, Different Types of Matrix, Transpose of a Matrix.

B ooks Recommended :

  1. Taro Yamane :     Mathematics for Economics
  2. Alpha Cluung                   :     Fundamental Methods of

 

 

Mathematical Economics

  1. Caroline Dinwiddy           :     Elementary Mathematics for Economics

 

Basic Statistics

Course Objective

This course introduces the use of statistical methods and tools in evaluating data for business and economics decision making. The course is designed to explain statistical techniques to decision-making situations & how to interpret the results. Throughout the learning session the students will be able to apply statistical techniques with the help of business and economics data.

 

Course Contents

  1. Introduction to Statistics : Statistics,  Population  and Sample, Discrete   and  Continuous   Variables,   Statistical   Data  and  their Graphical Presentation, Frequency Distributions.
  2. Measurement of Central Tendency: Arithmetic mean and its properties, the median and its properties, the mode and its properties and the relation between mean, median and mode.
  3. Measures of Dispersion : The range. The Mean deviation. The Standard deviation The Variance. Coefficient of variation.
  4. Index number :   Meaning and purpose of index number, Problems involved in the Computation of Index Numbers, Ideal Index Number, weighted index number.
  5. Time Series Analysis : Characteristics movements of Time Series, Classification and estimation of Time Series Movements.

 

Books recommended :

  1. E.Shapiro                                :  Macro-Economic Analysis
  2. Sanuielson                         :     Economics
  3. M.R.Spiegel                      :     Theory and Problems of Statistics
  4. T. Yamane                        :     Statistics far Economists

 

Course Code Marks: 100 Credits: 4  Class Hours: 60
Course Title: Demography

 

Course Objective

This course introduces the basic techniques of demographic analysis. Students will become familiar with the sources of data available for demographic research. Population composition and change measures will be presented. Measures of mortality, fertility, marriage and migration levels and patterns will be defined. Life table, standardization and population projection techniques will also be explored.

 

        

         Course Contents

  1. Demography : Definition, subject matter, utility of its study.
  2. Nature of Demographic Data : Basic sources  of  statistics, primary demographic data, secondary, census and surveys, vital statistics.
  3. Population Change and its Components : The components of population growth, the component  of change  expressed  as  rates,  the  process of demographic transition, population size, population density, age and sex composition of population.
  4. Fertility and Reproduction : Measures of fertility- crude birth rates, general fertility rates, specific birth and fertility rales, total fertility rates, cohort birth rate, cumulative birth rate-children ever born, measures of illegitimacy; measures of reproduction-crude rate of natural increase, gross reproduction rate, net reproduction rate.
  5. Mortality : Conventional measures of morality-crude death rate, specific death rates, infant morality, rate, neonatal morality rate, fetal death rate. perinatal death rate, maternal morality rate; adjusted measures of morality; trend and differentials.
  6. Life Table : Types of Life Table, construction of Life Table, the complete Life Table,   the  abridged   Life  Table-Greville’s   method,   Reed-Merreli method, the method of reference to a standard table; uses of Life Table.
  7. Migration : Internal and international; technique of analysis-net migration, gross migration   and   migration   ratios;   methods   of  measuring   internal migration – vital  statistics,  survival  ratio and  place of birth  method; immigration and population growth; determinants and effects of migration.
  8. Population Projects : Methods of preparing  population  projection mathematical   methods, component methods; projections of morality; projections of fertility; uses of population projection.

 

Books Recommended :

 

  1. Barclay. George w. :        Techniques of Population Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, 1958:
  2. Bogue Donald J.                              :        Principles of Demography. John Wiley £ Sons
  3. Shrynck Henry S.Jacob S Scigal :        The Methods and Materials of Demography, and Associates Condensed Edition, Academic Press, Inc., 1976
  4. Spiegelman Mortimer      :              Introduction Demography, Second Edition, Harvard University Press, 1968

 

Course Code Marks: 100 Credits: 4  Class Hours: 60
Course Title: History of Economic Thought

 

Course Objective

Students will be able to trace the origins of economic thought in the ancient world and its influence on subsequent schools of thought, including the scholastics and the emergence of early modern (Classical) economics. They will be able to discuss the links between the evolution of Western economies and the emergence of economics as a distinct discipline. Students will be able to define and discuss the mercantilist, early institutionalist, and heterodox schools of economics, including Marxian theory, which have challenged mainstream economics. This course will help the students to trace the development of neoclassical marginalism, and to identify the areas of agreement and disagreement between the classical and neoclassical approaches in economics.

 

Course Content

Medieval   Economic   Thought — The   scholastics   Mercantilists.   The physiocrats. “The Tableau Economique.”

The Classical Economic Thought-Adam Smith. J.B.Say. David Ricardo. J.S. Mill. Karl Marx, Malthus.

Marginalist  School  of Thought-Walras,   Marshall,   Fisher,  Wicksell, Bohm Bowerk.

Neoclassical Economic thought — J.M Keynes and Followers.

German Historical School, Friedrick List. Free Trade and Protection.

Socialist economic thought — Karl Marx, Economics of Development—Schumpeter, Aurther Lewis, Libenstein.

Welfare Economics-Pigou, Pareto.

Islamic Economic Thought – Ibn Khaldun, Ibn Taimiyah, Abu Yusuf.

 

 

 

Books Recommended

 

  1. Eric Roll                            :     History of Economic Thought
  2. Haney                                :     Economic Thought
  3. Ben Seligman                    :     Main Currents in Economic Thought since 1870

4..     H. Rima                             :     Development of Economic Analysis

  1. Blaug                                 :     Economic Theory in Retrospect
  2. Khurshid Ahmed              :     Studies in Islamic Economics

 

First Year

 

Paper Subject Title Marks

 

Paper-I Microeconomics 100
Paper-II Bangladesh Economy 100

Paper- I : Microeconomics

Incourse Chapter Number of Class Teacher’s Name
First Incourse Definition and Subject Matter of Economics 3 Ehasanul Haque
Supply and Demand 6 Ehasanul Haque
The Theory of Consumer Behavior 6 Krishnapada Roy
The Indifference Curve Analysis 7 Krishnapada Roy
The Theory of Production 7 Ehasanul Haque
Second Incourse The Theory of Cost and Revenue 8 Ehasanul Haque
Theory of Firm 8 Krishnapada Roy
Oligopoly Market 7 Ehasanul Haque
The Pricing of the Factors of Production 8 Krishnapada Roy
Test Examination Rivision of First and Second Incourse.

Paper- II

Bangladesh Economy

Incourse Chapter Number of Class Teacher’s Name
First Incourse Economic Development 6 Ehasanul Haque
Social and Economic Infrastructure 6 Krishnapada Roy
Population and Economic Development 7 Krishnapada Roy
Agriculture 6 Ehasanul Haque
Industry 6 Ehasanul Haque
Second Incourse Money and Banking 7 Krishnapada Roy
Foreign Trade 6 Ehasanul Haque
Development Finance 4 Krishnapada Roy
Development Planing 5 Krishnapada Roy
Poverty Alleviation Policy 8 Ehasanul Haque
Test Examination Rivision of First and Second Incourse.

Examination Date

 

  1. First Incourse :  April 2015  
  2. Second Incourse :  July 2015
  3. Test Examination :  September 2015

 

Second Year

 

Paper Subject Title Marks

 

Paper-III Macroeconomics 100
Paper-IV Money, Banking, International Trade and public Finance. 100

 

Paper- III

Macro Economics

Incourse Chapter Number of Class Teacher’s Name
First Incourse FandamentalConcepts of Macroeconomics 4 Krishnapada Roy
National Income Accounting 4 Ehasanul Haque
Theory of Income Determination 4 Krishnapada Roy
Investment 4 Ehasanul Haque
Inflation 6 Ehasanul Haque
Second Incourse Consumption and Savings Function 6 Krishnapada Roy
Multiplier and Acceleration 6 Krishnapada Roy
Banking 7 Krishnapada Roy
The Quantity Theory of Money Transaction 5 Ehasanul Haque
Monetary and Fiscal Policy 10 Ehasanul Haque

Paper- IV

Money, Banking, International Trade and Public Finance

 

Incourse Chapter Number of Class Teacher’s Name
First Incourse Money 10 Ehasanul Haque
 Banking 15 Krishnapada Roy
Second Incourse International Trade 15 Ehasanul Haque
Public Finance 20 Krishnapada Roy

 

 

 

Examination Date

 

  1. First Incourse :  April 2015  
  2. Second Incourse :  July 2015
  3. Test Examination :  September 2015

 

Third Year

 

Paper Subject Title Marks

 

Paper- V Elementary Mathematics for Economics and Basic Statistics

Or

Demography

100
Paper- VI History of Economic Thought 100

Paper- V

Elementary Mathematics for Economics and Basic Statistics

 

Incourse Chapter Number of Class Teacher’s Name
First Incourse Basic Process of Algebra 15 Krishnapada Roy
Functions, Variables and Graphq 20 Ehasanul Haque
Second Incourse Introduction to Calculus 10 Krishnapada Roy
Matrix Algebra 15 Ehasanul Haque

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Demography

 

Incourse Chapter Number of Class Teacher’s Name
First Incourse Fertility and Reproduction 8 Ehasanul Haque
Mortality 8 Krishnapada Roy
Second Incourse Life Table 8 Ehasanul Haque
Magration 8 Krishnapada
Population Projects 8 Krishnapada

Paper- VI

History of Economic Thought

 

 

Incourse Chapter Number of Class Teacher’s Name
First Incourse Medieval Economic Thought 6 Krishnapada Roy
The Classical Economic Thought 8 Ehasanul Haque
Marginalist School of Thought 8 Krishnapada Roy
Neoclassical Economic thought 10 Ehasanul Haque
Second Incourse German Historical School, Friedrick List. Free Trade and Protection. 10 Krishnapada Roy
Lewis, Libenstein 6 Ehasanul Haque
Welfare Economics 6 Krishnapada Roy
Islamic Economic Thought 6 Ehasanul Haque

Examination Date

 

  1. First Incourse :  April 2015  
  2. Second Incourse :  July 2015
  3. Test Examination :  September 2015